1. Working Principle of Lithium Batteries  

The working principle of lithium batteries is based on the reversible intercalation and deintercalation of lithium ions between the positive and negative electrodes.  Charging process: An external power source supplies power to the battery. The positive electrode material releases lithium ions, which move to the negative electrode through the electrolyte and intercalate into the negative electrode material. At the same time, electrons flow from the positive to the negative electrode through the external circuit.  

Discharging process: When the battery supplies power to the device, the negative electrode material releases lithium ions, which return to the positive electrode through the electrolyte and intercalate into the positive electrode material. At the same time, electrons flow from the negative to the positive electrode through the external circuit, providing power to the device.  

Nominal voltage: Lithium batteries have a specific voltage range during the charging and discharging process, which is known as the battery's operating voltage or nominal voltage. Exceeding this range may lead to a decline in battery performance or safety issues.   

2. Precautions When Purchasing Lithium Batteries  

2.1 Choose batteries from reputable manufacturers:    

- Reputable manufacturers typically offer stricter quality control and more reliable products.    

- Check the manufacturer's certifications, such as ISO certification, CE marking, etc.    

- Understand the reputation and market evaluation of the manufacturer, and choose a brand with a good reputation.    

- Check the specifications and capacity of the battery:  

2.2 Ensure that the battery's voltage and capacity meet the requirements of your device.    

- Ensure that the battery's voltage and capacity meet the requirements of your device.    

- Capacity (mAh) indicates the amount of electricity in the battery; the larger the capacity, the longer the theoretical usage time.    

- The specifications and size should be compatible with your device.  

3.Precautions for Lithium Batteries  

3.1 Charging Precautions     

- Charger quality: Ensure that the charger used is reliable and has safety features such as overcharge protection and short-circuit protection to prevent accidents. Use the original charger compatible with the battery as much as possible, and avoid using mismatched or poor-quality chargers to prevent damage to the battery or device.    

- Charging environment temperature: Avoid charging in extreme temperatures, such as excessively hot or cold environments. It is generally recommended to charge within a temperature range of 0°C to 45°C.  

3.2 Storage Precautions     

- Regularly check the battery status: Even if the battery is not used frequently, it should be regularly checked to ensure that the battery is not over-discharged or damaged.    

- Avoid humid environments: When storing lithium batteries, avoid humid environments as moisture can cause internal corrosion of the battery, affecting the battery's performance and lifespan.    

- Battery packaging: For long-term storage, batteries should be placed in a ventilated, dry, and cool place, and use the original packaging or a dedicated battery box to prevent physical damage or chemical corrosion to the battery.   

3.3 Usage Precautions  

- Avoid prolonged continuous use: Continuous use of lithium batteries, especially under high-load conditions, can lead to battery overheating, affecting battery life and safety. It is recommended to take appropriate breaks during use to allow the device and battery to cool down.  

- Properly handle battery swelling: If battery swelling is observed, immediately stop using it and follow the manufacturer's guidance for handling. Battery swelling may be due to abnormal internal chemical reactions and poses safety hazards.  

- Avoid using damaged batteries: If the battery casing is damaged, deformed, or shows signs of leakage, immediately stop using it and replace it with a new battery. Damaged batteries may lead to internal short circuits, causing safety incidents.  

- Avoid using devices during charging: Using devices during charging, especially for high-load operations, can cause the battery and device to overheat, increasing safety risks.  

- Do not disassemble batteries at will: Disassembling lithium batteries on your own can lead to battery damage or safety incidents. If a battery has issues, it should be inspected and repaired by professionals.