Types of battery connections for LiFePO4 batteries
1. Series connection
In a series connection, the positive terminal of one battery is connected to the negative terminal of another battery, forming a chain-like structure. This arrangement increases the total voltage of the battery pack while keeping the capacity the same.
Advantages of series connection
- Increased voltage:
Series connection allows for higher voltage output, making it suitable for applications that require higher voltage levels.
- Enhanced power:
Higher voltage output can provide more power, allowing devices that require higher power levels to operate efficiently.
- Efficient use of space:
Series connection allows for compact battery pack designs because the batteries are connected end-to-end. Considerations for series connection:
- Balanced battery voltage:
It is critical to ensure that all batteries in a series connection have similar voltage levels. If one battery has a significantly lower voltage, it will cause an imbalance that affects overall battery performance and life.
2. Parallel connection
Parallel connection involves connecting the positive terminals of multiple batteries together and the negative terminals together. This configuration maintains voltage while increasing the total capacity of the battery pack. For example, if two 100Ah batteries are connected in parallel, the total capacity of the battery pack will be 200Ah.
Advantages of Parallel Connection
- Increased Capacity:
Parallel connection allows for higher capacity, making it suitable for applications that require longer runtime or higher energy storage.
- Balanced Cell Voltage:
Parallel connection helps maintain balanced cell voltages because cells of similar capacity are connected together.
- Redundancy and Reliability:
If one cell in a parallel connection fails, the other cells can compensate, ensuring that the entire system continues to operate.
Considerations for Parallel Connection
- Uniform Cell Characteristics:
It is important to use cells with similar capacity, internal resistance, and voltage characteristics in parallel connection. Mismatched cells can result in unbalanced charging and discharging, which can reduce overall battery performance.